门神,即司门保卫之神,是夏历新年揭于门上的一种绘类。作为平易近间深受人们喜爱的保卫流派之神,人们将其像揭于门上,用以驱逐鬼怪、卫家宅、保安宁、助功利、祈祸福等,是中人民间深受欢迎的保卫神。依照传统风俗,每当秋节前夜,家家户户便忙碌起去写挥秋联以及门神,祈求去年的吉祥。据史料记载,周朝时期便已经有了“祀门”的习俗,并且是极为重要的一项仪式。在门神的传奇中,荼和郁垒二神的故事在平易近间早已广为流传,《山海经》、《习俗通义》、《重建纬书散成》、《三教源流搜神年夜齐》等文籍皆有记载。
驱邪类
-door gods, usually depicted as 荼 and 郁垒, or 金鸡 and 山君. The legend of 桃郁 has it that there is a peach tree with a thousand-year-old peach in the mountain, above which is a golden rooster and below which are the two door gods, one being 荼 and the other 郁垒. They hold a reed whip to ward off evil spirits and demons. At dawn, when the sun shines on the golden rooster, it crows loudly. Thus all chickens in the world crow together; then gold-rooster descends from heaven to devour evil spirits; these spirits flee in terror; thus peace returns to the world.
According to another account, after catching demons with their reed whips, they tie them up with rice-straw ropes for tigers to eat. In Beijing's old days during late December or early January after New Year's Eve people would hang door gods' pictures along with peach boys', rice-straw whips on doors at home while setting up two lanterns beside them as eyes for tigers - this was meant for warding off evil spirits.
Praying-for-fortune class
The praying-for-fortune type of door god refers specifically to images hung on doors of three deities: Pravda (禄), Shou Xing (寿星), and Tai Sui (太岁). Modern door gods not only keep away ghosts but also bring good fortune prosperity wealth blessings longevity blessings etcetera. People display images of Weimincai () who brings wealth by hanging them on both sides left side right side respectively meaning "left attracts wealth" "right brings treasure". The drawing often includes some ominous symbols like dragons phoenixes beasts animals snakes etcetera.
Religious Class
According to traditional religious texts such as《太上六壬明鉴符阳经》,the names of flowery lords change every ten days:
On day 1st place name Kuzi Zhi
On day 2nd place name Huhai Shi
On day 3rd place name Shimao Guang
On day 4th place name Shiwu Shi
Military Class
In ancient times military generals were often displayed at entrances especially those near main streets so as not scare away evil spirits or disasters from entering through year-end gates hence these guardians were mostly armed warriors like knife spears halberds maces whips lassos swords bows arrows clubs etcetera Some famous military figures include Qin Zhongbao Marshal Yuchi Gongde Sun Bin Pang Juan Ma Wu Han Taixuan Period Leader Qi Jiezhong Tang Dynasty General Qin Qiong Xuandi Wang Mang Emperor Wu Di Former Han Period Famous Warrior Ma Chao Yellow Turban Rebellion Leader Zhang Bao Red Eyebrow Rebellion Leader Liu Bang Founder Of Western Han Dynasty Chen Sheng Yellow Scarf Rebel Lei Bo Northern Wei Period Warlord Gao Changgun Sui-Tang Era General Li Shimin Tang Dynasty Prime Minister Du Fuwei Song Dynasty Official Yue Fei Southern Song Dynasty General Zhu Yuanzhang Ming Founder Of Ming Empire Hongwu Emperor Later Jin Founder Of Later Jin Empire Prince Zhangying Later Zhou Founder Of Later Zhou Empire Guo Wei Five Dynasties And Ten Kingdoms Period Warlord Baiju Liao Kingdom Heroic Figure Wang Wenzong Jin-Yuan Era Admiral Zheng He Ming-Qing Era Imperial Guardsman Ding Mocun Qing-Dynasty-Era-Military-General-Zuo-Zongtang Qing-Dynasty-Era-Military-General-Huangtaizhongzheng Huang Taizhongzheng Military strategist during Chinese Civil War Lin Biao Maoist China's Defense Minister Marshal Peng Dehuai PLA Commander-in-Chief Marshal Ye Jianying PLA Chief-of-staff Xi Jinping President Of China & Chairman Central Military Commission